Cirugía plástica periodontal. Aplicación de la técnica de colgajo semilunar / Periodontal plastic surgery. Application of the semilunar flap technique / Cirurgia plástica periodontal. Aplicação da técnica de retalho semilunar

RESUMEN Introducción: cada día es más frecuente observar la preocupación de los pacientes por la presencia de trastornos mucogingivales, y dentro de estos, uno de los más comunes es la recesión periodontal. Esta puede acompañarse de sensibilidad radicular, mayor prevalencia de caries y abrasiones cervicales. Presentación de caso: el caso que presentamos se trató de un paciente de 25 años de edad del sexo masculino que acudió a nuestra consulta preocupado por su estética y sensibilidad dental a los cambios térmicos. El mismo presentaba una recesión periodontal de 3 mm a nivel del 13. Discusión: decidimos darle solución al problema con la técnica de colgajo semilunar, cumpliéndose el objetivo del trabajo al quedar resueltos los problemas de estéticas y sensibilidad del paciente una vez cubierta la raíz y aumentado el ancho la encía insertada. Conclusiones: al examen clínico los resultados mostraron un recubrimiento radicular, aumento del grosor de encía insertada, disminución de sensibilidad dental y estética aceptada por el paciente.

ABSTRACT Introduction: every day it is more frequent to observe the concern of patients for the presence of mucogingival disorders, and within these, one of the most common is periodontal recession. This can be accompanied by root sensitivity, increased prevalence of caries and cervical abrasions. Case presentation: the case we presented was a 25-year-old male patient who came to our office concerned about his aesthetics and dental sensitivity to thermal changes. It presented a periodontal recession of 3 mm at the level of 13. Discussion: we decided to solve the problem with the semilunar flap technique, fulfilling the objective of the work by solving the problems of aesthetics and sensitivity of the patient once the root is covered and the width of the inserted gum is increased. Conclusions: on clinical examination the results showed a root coating, increase in the thickness of the inserted gum, decrease in dental sensitivity and aesthetics accepted by the patient.

RESUMO Introdução: a cada dia é mais frequente observar a preocupação dos pacientes com a presença de distúrbios mucogingival, e dentro destes, um dos mais comuns é a recessão periodontal. Isso pode ser acompanhado de sensibilidade radicular, aumento da prevalência de cárter e abrasões cervicais. Apresentação do caso: o caso que apresentamos foi um paciente do sexo masculino de 25 anos que veio ao nosso consultório preocupado com sua estética e sensibilidade dentária às mudanças térmicas. Apresentou uma recessão periodontal de 3 mm ao nível de 13. Discussão: decidimos resolver o problema com a técnica de retalho semilunar, cumprindo o objetivo do trabalho resolvendo os problemas da estética e sensibilidade do paciente uma vez que a raiz é coberta e a largura da gengiva inserida é aumentada. Conclusões: no exame clínico os resultados mostraram revestimento radicular, aumento da espessura da gengiva inserida, diminuição da sensibilidade dentária e estética aceita pelo paciente.

Aplicación del plasma rico en plaquetas en la enfermedad periodontal / Application of platelet-rich plasma in periodontal disease / Aplicação de plasma rico em plaquetas na doença periodontal

RESUMEN La periodontitis es una afección crónica que afecta los tejidos de soporte del diente lo que conlleva en ocasiones a la pérdida del mismo. El objetivo fue evaluar la eficacia y seguridad del plasma rico en plaquetas en el tratamiento de la periodontitis crónica. Se realizó un ensayo clínico en fase II b, controlado, aleatorizado, con evaluación a ciegas por terceros. La muestra abarcó 70 pacientes portadores de periodontitis crónica que acudieron a consulta de Periodoncia de la Clínica Universitaria de Especialidades Estomatológicas "Manuel Cedeño" entre enero 2017 a diciembre del 2019. Los individuos quedaron distribuidos aleatoriamente en: grupo A o experimental tratado con plasma rico en plaquetas y grupo B o control con tratamiento convencional. Las variables fueron: edad, sexo, inflamación de la encía, profundidad de las bolsas periodontales, pérdida de inserción periodontal, tiempo de evolución, efecto terapéutico y eventos adversos. Los resultados mostraron que a los 12 meses del tratamiento curaron 34 pacientes del grupo experimental (97,14 %) y 33 pacientes del grupo control (94,39 %). No se detectaron eventos adversos. Se llegó a la conclusión que el tratamiento con plasma rico en plaquetas en la periodontitis crónica demostró eficacia terapéutica y seguridad sin diferencias significativas con respecto al tratamiento convencional.

ABSTRACT Periodontitis is a chronic condition that affects the supporting tissues of the tooth, which sometimes leads to tooth loss. The objective was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. A randomized, controlled, phase II b clinical trial was conducted with blind third-party evaluation. The sample comprised 70 patients with chronic periodontitis who attended the Periodontics consultation of the "Manuel Cedeño" University Clinic of Stomatological Specialties between January 2017 and December 2019. The individuals were randomly distributed into: group A or experimental group treated with plasma rich in platelets and group B or control with conventional treatment. The variables were: age, sex, inflammation of the gingiva, depth of periodontal pockets, loss of periodontal attachment, time of evolution, therapeutic effect and adverse events. The results showed that at 12 months of treatment 34 patients in the experimental group (97,14 %) and 33 patients in the control group (94,39 %) cured. No adverse events were detected. It was concluded that treatment with platelet-rich plasma in chronic periodontitis demonstrated therapeutic efficacy and safety without significant differences with respect to conventional treatment.

RESUMO A periodontite é uma condição crônica que afeta os tecidos de suporte do dente, o que às vezes leva à perda do dente. O objetivo foi avaliar a eficácia e segurança do plasma rico em plaquetas no tratamento da periodontite crônica. Um ensaio clínico randomizado, controlado, fase II b foi conduzido com avaliação cega por terceiros. A amostra foi composta por 70 pacientes com periodontite crônica que compareceram à consulta de Periodontia da Clínica Universitária de Especialidades Estomatológicas "Manuel Cedeño" entre janeiro de 2017 e dezembro de 2019. Os indivíduos foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em: grupo A ou grupo experimental tratado com plasma rico em plaquetas e grupo B ou controle com tratamento convencional. As variáveis ​​foram: idade, sexo, inflamação da gengiva, profundidade das bolsas periodontais, perda da inserção periodontal, tempo de evolução, efeito terapêutico e eventos adversos. Os resultados mostraram que, aos 12 meses de tratamento, 34 pacientes do grupo experimental (97,14%) e 33 pacientes do grupo controle (94,39%) curaram. Nenhum evento adverso foi detectado. Concluiu-se que o tratamento com plasma rico em plaquetas na periodontite crônica demonstrou eficácia terapêutica e segurança sem diferenças significativas em relação ao tratamento convencional.

Prevención de enfermedades periodontales. Métodos mecánicos de control de placa dentobacteriana

Las enfermedades periodontales afectan a las encías y las estructuras que soportan los dientes. Hablamos de la gingivitis y la periodontitis. Algunos de sus síntomas son la inflamación y el sangrado de las encías. La causa principal de desarrollo de estas afecciones suele ser la falta de higiene, que favorece la acumulación de placa dentobacteriana entre los dientes y las encías. Con el objetivo de describir los diferentes métodos que existen para remover la placa dentobacteriana causa principal de las enfermedades periodontales, se revisaron 6 bibliografías que incluyen documentos en bibliotecas, y portales digitales en internet, haciéndose uso de la información más actualizada y relacionada con el tema. Se llegó a la conclusión de que con la descripción de los métodos de control de la placa dentobacteriana estaremos capacitados para prevenir las enfermedades periodontales. .

Periodontal diseases affect the gums and the structures that support the teeth. We are talking about gingivitis and periodontitis. Some of its symptoms are inflammation and bleeding of the gums. The main cause of development of these conditions is usually the lack of hygiene, which favors the accumulation of dentobacterial plaque between the teeth and the gums. In order to describe the different methods that exist to remove the plaque dentobacteriana main cause of periodontal diseases, we reviewed 6 bibliographies that include documents in libraries, and digital portals on the Internet, making use of the most updated information related to the subject. It was concluded that with the description of the methods of control of the plaque dentobacteriana we will be trained to prevent periodontal diseases.

Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas que adoptan los pacientes asmáticos acerca de su patología enlos centros de salud Francisco Buitrago y Villa Venezuela, Managua sept.-oct. 2001 / Knowledge, attitudes and you practic tha they adopt the asthmatic patients about their pathology in the centers of health Francis Buitrago and Village Venezuela, Managua sept.-oct. 2001

El presente trabajo se trata de un estudio prospectivo, de corte transversal con una muestra de 148 pacientes asmáticos quienes fueron encuestados en dos centros de salud de la capital, sobre los conocimientos actitudes y prácticas a cerca de su patología. Estos pacientes fueron seleccionados por conveniencia de tipo no probalistico entre septiembre y octubre del 2001. Resultó más frecuente el sexo femenino, el grupo etáreo más frecuente fue el de 35 a 54 años, el mayor número de casos poseía un nivel de educación primario y secundario y desempeñaban en su mayoría como Ama de casa y en el sector informal. Se evaluó el aspecto de conocimiento con diferentes bloques de preguntas cerradas, encontrando que la mayoría de los pacientes tienen conocimientos parcialmente correctos de estos aspectos, que realizan práctica parcialmente adecuadas en la mayoría de los casos, que presentan más frecuentemente una actitud positiva y un buen nivel con relación a conocimiento generales...

Vibrio cholerae No-01 toxigénico / Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae non-01

The antimicrobial susceptibility and the presence of a heat-stable toxin were researched into 100 non-01 Vibrio cholerae strains sent by 7 different health centers to the National Reference Laboratory of Acute Diarrheal Diseases in "Pedro KourÝ" Tropical Medicine Institute. The presence of 20 toxigenic non-01 Vibrio cholerae was detected, a figure substantially higher than that reported in other geographic areas, except for endemic areas. This result will make it possible to set epidemiological alert in Cuba because these strains can be infected by CTX phages (element transporting genes that encode for choleric toxin) which will give such strains an epidemic potential similar to that of the etiologic agent of cholera. The identified strains could be studied as possible cholera vaccine candidates.

Plesiomonas shigelloides una Vibrionaceae en quien pensar / Plesiomonas shigelloides, a Vibrionaceae to be taken into account

The antigenic structure and antimicrobial susceptibility were studied in 99 strains isolated from patients with acute diarrhea (6 strains from an outbreak of digestive transmission disease in Santiago de Cuba) and a strain isolated from a patient who died from infections neurological syndrome (INS, meningitis). Four new serotypes (093, 994, 095, 096), which had not been described in the world classification, were identified from the Cuban isolated strains and were included in the International Serotyping Scheme by the International Reference Center located in Prague, Czech Republic. For the first time in Cuba, the circulation of serotypes 017:H11, 011: H2, 023. H1alc, 057: H3 which show cross reaction to Shiguella species was proved. Those strains from the outbreak of digestive disease belonged to serotype 050: H11 and had a thermostable toxin. The first case of infectious neurologic syndrome with Plesionomas shigelloides etiology reported in Cuba was described; the strain corresponded to serotype 050: H11. The worldwide reported pattern of antimicrobial resistance was demonstrated.

Determinación de verotoxinas en cepas de Escherichia coli O157: H7 / Determination of verotoxins in strains of Escherichia coli O157: H7

We performed an study to find out the main virulence factor in verotoxigenic Escherichia coli: the production of verotoxins in 50 non sorbitol-fermenting Escherichia coli strains (possible enterohemorrhage) which were isolated from children with acute diarrheas in the City of Havana and referred to the National Reference Laboratory for acute diarrheal diseases in "Pedro KourÝ" Institute. By using the agglutination technique with latex particles of E. coli O157:H7, we determined whether the verotoxins belonged to this serotype, we also researched the production of verotoxins in Vero cell culture. Ninety-six percent of the total number of strains were positive in the qualitative determination of this factor which was more frequently observed after 24 hours.

Identification of Aeromonas strains of clinical origin with atypical phenotypical profiles

A total of 47 strains of Aereomonas isolated from patients with gastroenteritis was analyzed for 40 phenotypical characters and for evaluating the numeric taxonomy based on 27 discriminatory tests. It was proved that the clinical isolates showed a relative phenotypical distance and the groups of strains that had atypical profiles were compared with the type species by the present identification schemes.

Onicomicosis por mohos saprófitos / Onychomycosis by saprophylic molds

En un estudio en Uruguay, sobre noventa y nueve pacientes portadores de onicomicosis de pie, se observó que el 21 por ciento de los casos correspondían a mohos saprófitos, destacándose la presencia de taras generales o locales, que actuaron como favorecedores de la invasión ungueal por estos agentes. Sólo a través del cultivo micológico pudo detectarse el moho implicado, ya que la presentación clínica no permitió correlación con el agente causal